STEREOTYPED BEHAVIOR CAUSED BY IVR AT WORK
Indulgence versus restraint describes hedonistic behavior: how freely can people satisfy their basic needs and desires, how strict social norms are followed and gratification suppressed and regulated.
Indulgence: “A tendency to allow to allow relatively free gratification of basic and natural human desires related to enjoying life and having fun.”
Restraint: “A conviction that such gratification needs to be curbed and regulated by strict social norms.”
Restraint (low indulgence versus restraint index)
- Gratification suppressed and regulated
- Expects (material) reward for job done well
- Easily feels treated unfair
- Status objects important, e.g. phone, laptop, watch, car
Indulgence (high indulgence versus restraint index)
- Freely satisfy basic needs and behaviour
- Cannot easily be motivated with material reward
- Enjoys moment rather than uses time to compare with others
- Objects need to fulfil purpose not status
Example comparing German and French culture – France having the higher indulgence index value – in this advertisement:
Countries leading the index on the
- Indulgence side: Venezuela, Mexico, Puerto Rico, El Salvador, Nigeria, Columbia, Trinidad and Sweden.
- Restraint side : Pakistan, Egypt, Latvia, Ukraine, Albania, Belarus, Estonia and Iraq.
Source: Cultures and Organizations by Geert Hofstede, Gert Jan Hofstede, Michael Minkov